Burner for incandescent gas-lights.



N0. 684,92l. Patented Oct. 22, I90l. L. DENAYROUZE. BURNER FORINCANDESCENT GAS LIGHTS.

(Application filed Apr. 80, 1901.)

(No Model.)

FIG. ,4.

INVENTOR:

WITNESSES:

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. UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

LOU'IS' DENAYROUZE, OF NEUILLY-SUR-SEINE, FRANCE.

BURNER FOR INCANDESCENT GAS-LIGHTS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 684,921, dated October22, 1901.

Original application filed July 8,1897, Serial ITO-643,794. No. 58,208.

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, LOUIS DENAYROUZE, a citizen of the Republic ofFrance, residing in Neuilly-sur-Seine, (Seine,) France, have inventedcertain new and useful Improvements in Burners for IncandescentGas-Lights, of which the following is a specification.

This invention is the subject-matter of Letters Patent in France, No.259,985, dated September25, 1896; inBelgium, No.l 23,759, datedSeptember 28, 1896; in Austria, N0. 46/4,466, dated November 4, 1896; inItaly, No. 42,772, dated October 4, 1896; in Great Britain, No. 28,491,dated December-12, 1896, and in Switzerland, No. 14,035, dated January27, 1897. This is a division of my application filed July 8, 1897,Serial No. 643,794. (Patent No. 673,705, granted May 7, 1901.) In thatapplication I have set forth certain improve ments in gas-burners foruse with refractory mantles, the object being to obtain a more brilliantlight with a smaller consumption of gas. This object is attainedaccording to the invention set forth in my said application by effectingan absolutely intimate mixture of gas and air in suitable proportionsand-by maintaining a Very small pressure of the mixture at the burnerwith a sufficient velocity of the mixture discharged within the mantle.

The invention which forms the subject of my present divisionalapplication has the same objects in view and provides an alternativemeans of attaining these objects.

Figure 1 of the accompanying drawings is a vertical section cut in theplane denoted by the line 1 1 in Fig. 3, showing the preferred form ofmy invention. Fig. 2 is a transverse section. thereof, cut on the line 22 in Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a transverse section thereof, cut on the line 3 3in Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a transverse section thereof, cut on the line 4 4in Fig. 1.

In my aforesaid application for patent I have illustrated the principleunderlying my invention byreference to an ordinary Bunsen burner. Fromthe top of the tube of such burner the flame expands toward the middleof its height, and thence tapers toward a point at its top. (See Fig. 1of Patent No. 673,705.) In the lower part of the flame is a relativelydark conical core, around which is a brighter veloped by the mantle.

Divided and this application filed April 30, 1901. Serial (No model.)

or luminous zone. In such flame the mixture is incomplete beneath thelevel of the apex of the dark core. According to the form of myinvention set forth in my said application I divide such Bunsen flame bya foram-inous or gauze screen placed horizontally shortly above wherethe apex of such dark core would occur and confine the ignition to thespace above this screen, and I inclose the space below the screen in anenvelop or shell conforming approximately to the shape of the lower andexpanding portion of such flame, (see Fig. 2 of said patent,) wherebythis space below the screen constitutes a mixing-chamber adapted toeffect an intimate admixture of the gas and air, which mixture onissuing through the interstices of the gauze screen burns in a solidorcoreless flame, which is en- The heat thus generated is very great,and the mantle is raised to a luminosity greatly exceeding that of anordinary Welsbach mantle in burners heretofore constructed. without achimney by reason of the perfect mixture of the gas and air. The use ofa chimney, however, arranged so that the suction created thereby actsmainly upon the air which must pass into the mantle further iniprovesthe mixture and increases the velocity of the mixture beneath themantle, thereby increasing the luminosity.

The arrangement of the parts thus far described has given verysatisfactory results; but I have found that, especially when a pinralityof Bunsen tubes is employed, a certain additional air-supply from belowserves to produce a still more thorough mixture of airand gas.

Referring now to the drawings, letT T designate a plurality of Bunsentubes forming a group in any suitable number, three being shown. Thesetubes receive-gas from nozzles at their bases in the usual way, the gasentering from a chamber G, connected with the supply-pipe, and receiveair at their bases through suitable inlet-openings o 0, as usual. Theupper ends of the tubes T T are connected to a mixing-chamber E ofannular shape, its height being greater than that of the internaldarkcores which flames from the Bun- The burner will burn 9 sen tubes T Twould have if these tubes were employed as ordinary Bunsen burners; Thetop of this mixing-chamber E is covered over by a foraminous metallicscreen or gauze t, which prevents communication of the flame to themixed gases within the chamber. The usual mantle M is mounted above thisscreen i, being supported in any suitable manner, as by a rod q.

The ascending streams of gas and air in the tubes T T expand on enteringthe larger area of the chamber E and in ascending through this chamberbecome intimatelycommingled, so that upon issuing through the screentthe mixture burns with intense heat within the mantle.

It is preferred to use a chimney to further improve the mixture and toincrease the velocity beneath the mantle. I show in Fig. 1 a chimney orglobe C, which is placed upon a closed socket B, which is connected in asubstantially air-tight manner to the envelop or shell forming themixing-chamber E. This socket B does not permit air to be drawn di-'rectly into the chimney outside of the chamber E, as with usual burners.Hence the draft is made more effective to draw in air at the holes 0 ofthe Bunsen burners.

Through the center of the mixing-chamber E is a tube D, through whichair in the form of a central column is drawn and freely admitted to thecenter of the mantle M. This column of pure air slightly pushes themixture of air and gas issuing from the annular chamber E against thesurface of the mantle. By this lateral action from the center toward themantle the molecules of mixed air and gas are more thoroughly mixed andfor a longer time, so that even at a low pressure and under the actionof a globe concentrating the draft at the lower part of the Bunsen jet ahigh illuminating effect is obtained.

It will be seen that whatever the pressure of the gas in thedistributing pipe may be it is possible by means of a suitable chimneyto create artificial draft by the waste gases of combustion. My improvedburner provides the advantage of a perfect mixture of the gas and air,maximum velocity due to the draft, and conservation of a hightemperature around the mantle, whereby the luminous effect is verybrilliant and the consumption of gas is reduced to a few liters percarcel.

In applying myinvention I may make use,in connection with the parts hereshown,of any of the features or details of the apparatus shown in mysaid original application. For exampic, I may surmount the chimney O byan elongated draft-tube of smaller diameter to the effect therein setforth.

I claim as my invention the following defined novel features,substantially as hereinbefore specified, namely:

1. In a gas-burner, the combination of one or more mixers, a chamberlocated above and communicating with said mixers and of greater heightthan that which would be assumed by the blue cores of flames issuingfrom such mixers, a draft tube passing through said chamber, a screenclosing the top of the chamber, and a mantle surmounting the chamber,substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

2. In a gas-burner, the combination of one or more mixers, a chamberlocated above and communicating with said mixers and of greater heightthan that which would be assumed by the blue cores of flames issuingfrom such mixers, a drafttube passing through said chamber, a screenclosing the top of the chamher, said chamber being free from anyobstruction to the vertical flow of the gases, whereby the flame isconfined to the space above said gauze and the flame is solid or devoidof a dark core, combined with an incandescent mantle surmounting suchchamber and inclosing the flame above said gauze, and a draft-tubeopening beneath to the atmosphere and passing through said chamber toadmit air to the interior of the flame to press the latter outwardlyagainst the mantle.

4. The combination with a group of Bunsen burners, of a mixing-chambersurmounting their tubes, of greater height than that which would beassumed by the dark cores of flames issuing from said tubes, adraft-tube passing up centrally through said chamber, a gauze screencovering the top of said cham her, and a single incandescent mantlesurmounting said chamber, said drafttube opening beneath to theatmosphere and admitting air to the interior of the flame and pressingthe latter outwardly against the mantle.

5. The combination with a group of Bunsen burners, of a mixing-chambersurmounting their tubes, a gauze screen covering the top of saidchamber, a mantle surmounting said chamber, a draft-tube passing upcentrally through said chamber to admit air to the interior of the flameto press the latter outwardly against the mantle, and a chimneyinclosing the mantle substantially closed at its bottom to prevent anymaterial direct access of air and to substantially confine the enteringair to that which. passes through the Bunsen burners and through saiddraft-tube.

6. The combination with a group of Bunsen burners, of a mixing-chambersurmount ing their tubes, a gauze screen covering the top of saidchamber, an incandescent mantle I go surmounting said chamber, adraft-tube passmy name in the presence of two subscribing ing upcentrally through said chamber, an Witnesses. enlarged chimney inclosingsaid mantle substantially closed at its bottom, and an elon- LOUIS DENAYR OUZ 5 gated draft-tube surmounting said chimney Witnesses:

and of smaller diameter than the chimney. ARMENGAUD, J eune,

In witness whereof I have hereunto signed MARCEL ARMENGAUD.

